Few-body quantum physics with strongly interacting Rydberg polaritons

We present an extension of our recent paper [Bienias et al., Phys. Rev. A 90, 053804 (2014)] in which we demonstrated the scattering properties and bound-state structure of two Rydberg polaritons, as well as the derivation of the effective low-energy many-body Hamiltonian. Here, we derive a microscopic Hamiltonian describing the propagation of Rydberg slow light polaritons in one dimension. We describe possible decoherence processes within a Master equation approach, and derive equations of motion in a Schrodinger picture by using an effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. We illustrate diagrammatic methods on two examples: First, we show the solution for a single polariton in an external potential by exact summation of Feynman diagrams. Secondly, we solve the two body problem in a weakly interacting regime exactly.