Spatial Resolution and Refractive Index Contrast of Resonant Photonic Crystal Surfaces for Biosensing

被引:14
作者
Triggs, G. J. [1 ]
Fischer, M. [1 ]
Stellinga, D. [1 ]
Scullion, M. G. [1 ]
Evans, G. J. O. [2 ,3 ]
Krauss, T. F. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ York, Dept Phys, York YO24 1UB, N Yorkshire, England
[2] Univ York, Dept Biol, York YO24 1UB, N Yorkshire, England
[3] Univ York, Hull York Med Sch, York YO24 1UB, N Yorkshire, England
来源
IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL | 2015年 / 7卷 / 03期
基金
英国惠康基金; 英国生物技术与生命科学研究理事会; 英国工程与自然科学研究理事会;
关键词
Resonant surface; biosensor; grating; photonic crystal; spatial resolution; refractive index contrast; polarization; ENHANCED MICROSCOPY; LABEL-FREE; SENSITIVITY; ASSAYS;
D O I
10.1109/JPHOT.2015.2435699
中图分类号
TM [电工技术]; TN [电子技术、通信技术];
学科分类号
0808 ; 0809 ;
摘要
By depositing a resolution test pattern on top of a Si3N4 photonic crystal resonant surface, we have measured the dependence of spatial resolution on refractive index contrast Delta n. Our experimental results and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations at different refractive index contrasts show that the spatial resolution of our device reduces with reduced contrast, which is an important consideration in biosensing, where the contrast may be of order 10(-2). We also compare 1-D and 2-D gratings, taking into account different incidence polarizations, leading to a better understanding of the excitation and propagation of the resonant modes in these structures, as well as how this contributes to the spatial resolution. At Delta n = 0.077, we observe resolutions of 2 and 6 mu m parallel to and perpendicular to the grooves of a 1-D grating, respectively, and show that for polarized illumination of a 2-D grating, resolution remains asymmetrical. Illumination of a 2-D grating at 45 degrees results in symmetric resolution. At very low index contrast, the resolution worsens dramatically, particularly for Delta n < 0.01, where we observe a resolution exceeding 10 mu m for our device. In addition, we measure a reduction in the resonance linewidth as the index contrast becomes lower, corresponding to a longer resonant mode propagation length in the structure and contributing to the change in spatial resolution.
引用
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页数:10
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