The origin and molecular epidemiology of HIV

被引：37

作者：

Peeters, Martine ^{[1
]}

Jung, Matthieu ^{[1
,2
]}

Ayouba, Ahidjo ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Montpellier I, IRD, UMI 233, TransVIHMI, Montpellier, France

[2] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, UMR 5506, LIRMM,Inst Biol Computat, Montpellier, France

来源：

EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY | 2013年 / 11卷 / 09期

关键词：

cross-species transmission; drug resistance; evolution; HIV-1; HIV-2; molecular epidemiology; recombinant; SIV; subtype; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; TRANSMITTED DRUG-RESISTANCE; ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT; INCREASING PREVALENCE; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SUBTYPE C; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; EASTERN CHIMPANZEES; RECOMBINANT FORM; INFECTION;

D O I：

10.1586/14787210.2013.825443

中图分类号：

R51 [传染病];

学科分类号：

100401 ;

摘要：

HIV-1 in humans resulted from at least four cross-species transmissions of simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) from chimpanzees and gorillas in West Central Africa, while HIV-2 viruses resulted from at least eight independent transmissions of SIVs infecting sooty mangabeys in West Africa only, where one of these transmissions (HIV-1 group M) is responsible for the global epidemic. HIV-1 M is subdivided into nine subtypes and a wide diversity of circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) and unique recombinant forms. The heterogenic HIV-1 M subtype/CRF distribution is the result of founder effects. The genetic diversity of HIV-1 continues to increase overtime due to demographic factors such as travel and migration and frequent co/superinfections. In addition, the expanded access to antiretrovirals leads to an increasing number of drug-resistant strains, especially in resource limited countries.

引用

页码：885 / 896

页数：12

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