Role of liver progenitors in liver regeneration

被引:31
作者
Best, Jan [1 ,2 ]
Manka, Paul [1 ,3 ]
Syn, Wing-Kin [3 ,4 ,5 ]
Dolle, Laurent [2 ]
van Grunsven, Leo A. [2 ]
Canbay, Ali [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Hosp Essen, Dept Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Hufelandstr 55, D-45157 Essen, Germany
[2] VUB, Fac Med & Pharm, Liver Cell Biol Lab, Brussels, Belgium
[3] Fdn Liver Res, Inst Hepatol, Regenerat & Repair, London, England
[4] Barts Hlth NHS Trust, Liver Unit, London, England
[5] Loyola Univ, Dept Surg, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
关键词
Liver progenitor cells (LPCs); stem cells; mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs); hepatic stellate cells (HSCs); liver regeneration; liver failure; liver cirrhosis; MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; OVAL CELLS; HEPATOCYTE TRANSPLANTATION; LYMPHOTOXIN-BETA; SONIC HEDGEHOG; HEPATIC CELLS; MURINE MODEL; ADULT LIVER; FAILURE; NICHE;
D O I
10.3978/j.issn.2304-3881.2015.01.16
中图分类号
R57 [消化系及腹部疾病];
学科分类号
摘要
During massive liver injury and hepatocyte loss, the intrinsic regenerative capacity of the liver by replication of resident hepatocytes is overwhelmed. Treatment of this condition depends on the cause of liver injury, though in many cases liver transplantation (LT) remains the only curative option. LT for end stage chronic and acute liver diseases is hampered by shortage of donor organs and requires immunosuppression. Hepatocyte transplantation is limited by yet unresolved technical difficulties. Since currently no treatment is available to facilitate liver regeneration directly, therapies involving the use of resident liver stem or progenitor cells (LPCs) or non-liver stem cells are coming to fore. LPCs are quiescent in the healthy liver, but may be activated under conditions where the regenerative capacity of mature hepatocytes is severely impaired. Non-liver stem cells include embryonic stem cells (ES cells) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In the first section, we aim to provide an overview of the role of putative cytokines, growth factors, mitogens and hormones in regulating LPC response and briefly discuss the prognostic value of the LPC response in clinical practice. In the latter section, we will highlight the role of other (non-liver) stem cells in transplantation and discuss advantages and disadvantages of ES cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS), as well as MSCs.
引用
收藏
页码:48 / +
页数:12
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