Comparison of the applicability of Demirjian and Willems methods for dental age estimation in children from the Thrace region, Turkey

Objectives: Dental age (DA) estimation is frequently used in the fields of orthodontics, paediatric dentistry and forensic science. DA estimation methods use radiology, and are reliable and non-destructive according to the literature. The Demirjian method is currently the most frequently used method, but recently, the Willems method was reported to have given results that were more accurate for some regions. The aim of this study was to detect and compare the accuracy of DA estimation methods for children and adolescents from the Thrace region, Turkey. The mean difference between the chronological age (CA) and the DA was selected as the primary outcome measure, and the difference range according to sex and age group was selected as the secondary outcome. Materials and methods: Panoramic radiographs (n = 766) from a Thrace region population (380 males and 386 females) ranging in age from 6 to 14.99 years old were evaluated. DA was calculated using both the Demirjian and the Willems methods. Results: The mean CA of the subjects was 11.39 +/- 2.34 years (males = 11.08 +/- 2.42 years and females = 11.70 +/- 2.23 years). The mean difference values between the CA and the DA (CA-DA) using the Demirjian method and the Willems method were -0.87 and -0.17 for females, respectively, and -1.04 and -0.40 for males, respectively. For the different age groups, the differences between the CA and the DA calculated using the Demirjian method (CA-DA) ranged from -0.53 to -1.46 years for males and from -0.19 to -1.20 years for females, while the mean differences between the CA and the DA calculated by the Willems method (CA-DA) ranged from -0.19 to -0.50 years for males and from 0.20 to -0.49 years for females. Conclusion: The results suggest that the Willems method produced more accurate results for almost all age groups of both sexes, and it is better suited for children from the Thrace region of Turkey, than the Demirjian method. (c) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.