Quantum-resistant Lattice-based Authentication for V2X Communication in C-ITS

Although there has been a lot of research on a vehicle to everything (V2X) for a cooperative-intelligent transport system (C-ITS), there has been little research on quantum-resistant V2X schemes. Since the speed of improvement in quantum computing is groundbreaking, we need to develop a quantum-resistant scheme in advance. In this paper, we propose a quantum-resistant lattice-based scheme for C-ITS, making safe even in the quantum era. Our proposed scheme uses a simplified NTRU Prime and BLISS that are considered to support both security and practicality. In addition, the scheme is a pseudonym-based authentication scheme as other V2X authentication schemes because pseudonym-based authentication provides both security and anonymity. Lastly, our proposed scheme is robust against several known attacks such as impersonation, replay, and quantum attacks.