Efficiency, capacity, compensation, maintenance, plasticity: emerging concepts in cognitive reserve

被引：639
作者：
Barulli, Daniel [1 ]
Stern, Yaakov [1 ]
机构：
[1] Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Neurol, Cognit Neurosci Div, New York, NY 10032 USA
来源：
TRENDS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCES | 2013年 / 17卷 / 10期
关键词：
cognitive reserve; aging; Alzheimer's disease; imaging; epidemiology; OLDER-ADULTS; WHITE-MATTER; LIFE-SPAN; HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE; WORKING-MEMORY; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; CORTICAL THICKNESS; STRUCTURAL-CHANGES; AEROBIC EXERCISE; MENTAL ACTIVITY;
D O I：
10.1016/j.tics.2013.08.012
中图分类号：
B84 [心理学]; C [社会科学总论]; Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号：
03 ; 0303 ; 030303 ; 04 ; 0402 ;
摘要：
Cognitive reserve (CR) is a concept meant to account for the frequent discrepancy between an individual's measured level of brain pathology and her expected cognitive performance. It is particularly important within the context of aging and dementia, but has wider applicability to all forms of brain damage. As such, it has intimate links to related compensatory and neuroprotective concepts, as well as to the related notion of brain reserve. In this article, we introduce the concept of cognitive reserve and explicate its potential cognitive and neural implementation. We conclude that cognitive reserve is compatible and complementary with many related concepts, but that each much draw sharper conceptual boundaries in order to truly explain preserved cognitive function in the face of aging or brain damage.
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收藏
页码：502 / 509
页数：8
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