Towards a more strategic approach to research to support catchment-based policy approaches to mitigate agricultural water pollution: A UK case-study

This paper, written from the perspective of individuals working at the interface of science and policy in four UK government organisations, sets out the major research questions that need to be addressed to inform the development and implementation of policy on agricultural diffuse water pollution. It outlines opportunities in the policy-making process for utilising research outputs and the context in which policy-makers are able to use emerging findings to inform decisions. It also explores policy approaches to tackle diffuse pollution, discussing when decisions are made, by whom, and how science can contribute. In doing this, the paper finally explores ways in which better knowledge exchange between researchers and the users of scientific information could improve the impact of research and the robustness of future policy development. In addition to policy-makers and operational staff in environmental agencies, new audiences for research on diffuse water pollution are emerging from the development of "bottom-up" integrated catchment management initiatives. Those working at the interface of science and policy need to take account of current scientific knowledge in combination with an understanding of policy direction and processes to plan high impact strategic research in anticipation of future windows of opportunity to influence decision making. Crown Copyright (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.