Injury among cavers: results of a preliminary national survey

Background. To estimate the frequency of and risk factors for caving-associated injuries,, Methods. A standardized questionnaire covering demographics, caving exposure, and injury history was distributed to all members of the National Speleological Society by inclusion in the monthly newsletter. Results, Of 9,532 members sent a questionnaire, 301 responded (3.2 %). Respondents had an average of 18 years of caving experience, and 37 % had sustained one of more injuries while caving. Hypothermia was the most frequent injury, followed by fractures, animal bites, and concussions, The rate of injury was about 1 per 1,990 hours in a cave, Injury rates for females were about twice those of males; older persons and those with more than 5 years of caving experience seemed to have lower injury rates. Conclusions. Many caving injuries appear potentially preventable. proper technique for safe climbing should be a part of exploration training. There is a need for proper belaying or rappelling for even short ascents or descents, Helmet use should be stressed, as should adequate protection from hypothermia.