Short-Range Quantum Magnetism of Ultracold Fermions in an Optical Lattice

被引：335

作者：

Greif, Daniel ^{[1
]}

Uehlinger, Thomas ^{[1
]}

Jotzu, Gregor ^{[1
]}

Tarruell, Leticia ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Esslinger, Tilman ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] ETH, Inst Quantum Elect, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland

[2] Univ Bordeaux 1, Inst Opt, LP2N, UMR 5298, F-33405 Talence, France

[3] CNRS, F-33405 Talence, France

来源：

SCIENCE | 2013年 / 340卷 / 6138期

基金：

瑞士国家科学基金会; 欧洲研究理事会;

关键词：

PHYSICS; ATOMS; SIMULATION;

D O I：

10.1126/science.1236362

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Quantum magnetism originates from the exchange coupling between quantum mechanical spins. Here, we report on the observation of nearest-neighbor magnetic correlations emerging in the many-body state of a thermalized Fermi gas in an optical lattice. The key to obtaining short-range magnetic order is a local redistribution of entropy, which allows temperatures below the exchange energy for a subset of lattice bonds. When loading a repulsively interacting gas into either dimerized or anisotropic simple cubic configurations of a tunable-geometry lattice, we observe an excess of singlets as compared with triplets consisting of two opposite spins. For the anisotropic lattice, the transverse spin correlator reveals antiferromagnetic correlations along one spatial axis. Our work facilitates addressing open problems in quantum magnetism through the use of quantum simulation.

引用

页码：1307 / 1310

页数：4

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