TrustStream: A Secure and Scalable Architecture for Large-Scale Internet Media Streaming

To effectively address the explosive growth of multimedia applications over the Internet, a large-scale media streaming system has to fully take into account the issues of security, quality of service (QoS), scalability, and heterogeneity. However, current streaming solutions do not address all these challenges simultaneously. To address this limitation, this paper proposes a secure and high-performance streaming system called TrustStream, which combines the best features of scalable coding, content distribution network (CDN) and peer-to-peer (P2P) networks to achieve unprecedented security, scalability, heterogeneity, and certain QoS simultaneously under a unified architecture. In this architecture, raw video is encoded into two layers, namely, the base layer, which contains the most critical media content and is transmitted through a CDN-featured single-source multi-receiver (S-M) P2P network to guarantee a minimal level of quality, and the enhancement layer, which is transmitted in a pure multi-source multi-receiver (M-M) P2P framework to achieve maximum scalability and bandwidth utilization. Heterogeneity is therefore addressed by delivering only the layers that a receiver is able to manage. Security is provided by combining our key distribution mechanism and key-embedding scheme under our proposed S-M P2P topology. We have implemented TrustStream system over the Internet. Deployed by ChinaCache, the largest CDN provider in China, TrustStream has broadcasted several popular live video programs over the Internet. The experimental results demonstrate the advantages and effectiveness of our architecture and system.