Polyelectrolyte multilayer films made from polyallylamine and short polyphosphates: Influence of the surface treatment, ionic strength and nature of the electrolyte solution

The present article focuses on the influence of the salt concentration as well as on the influence of the nature of the salt on the deposition of (PAH-PSP)(n) films in the case where PSP is made from only 24 monomer units on average. The two main messages of this article are that: (i) for salt concentrations lower than about 0.2 M, the film thickness increases linearly with the number of adsorption cycles after the deposition of a coating with a critical thickness necessary to prime the deposition of the film. In addition, for salt concentrations lower than 0.2 M, there is no effect of the influence of the supporting electrolyte on the film thickness but a marked influence on the film composition as revealed from XPS measurements. (ii) For salt concentrations higher than about 0.2 M, the films are extremely rough, and we demonstrate that the use of a homogeneous and isotropic model is not suited anymore to calculate the film thickness and its refractive index from the measured ellipsometric angles. Finally we try to rationalize all the data obtained so far on the (PAH-PSP)(n) films on the basis of counterion condensation of Na+ cations on the PSP chains. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.