Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Treating Joint Injury and Osteoarthritis

被引：67
作者：
Li, Jiao Jiao [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Hosseini-Beheshti, Elham [4 ]
Grau, Georges E. [4 ]
Zreiqat, Hala [2 ,3 ]
Little, Christopher B. [1 ]
机构：
[1] Univ Sydney, Northern Sydney Local Hlth Dist, Raymond Purves Bone & Joint Res Labs, Inst Bone & Joint Res,Kolling Inst,Fac Med & Hlth, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
[2] Univ Sydney, Biomat & Tissue Engn Res Unit, Sch Aerosp Mech & Mechatron Engn, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
[3] Australian Res Council, Training Ctr Innovat BioEngn, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
[4] Univ Sydney, Fac Med & Hlth, Vasc Immunol Unit, Discipline Pathol, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
来源：
NANOMATERIALS | 2019年 / 9卷 / 02期
基金：
英国医学研究理事会; 澳大利亚研究理事会;
关键词：
extracellular vesicles; exosomes; microvesicles; stem cells; mesenchymal stem cells; joint injury; osteoarthritis; joint degeneration; joint inflammation; regenerative medicine; MESENCHYMAL STROMAL CELLS; CARTILAGE REPAIR; PROMOTE ANGIOGENESIS; EXOSOMES MEDIATE; IN-VITRO; KNEE; MICROPARTICLES; MICROVESICLES; REGENERATION; BIOGENESIS;
D O I：
10.3390/nano9020261
中图分类号：
O6 [化学];
学科分类号：
0703 ;
摘要：
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale particles secreted by almost all cell types to facilitate intercellular communication. Stem cell-derived EVs theoretically have the same biological functions as stem cells, but offer the advantages of small size, low immunogenicity, and removal of issues such as low cell survival and unpredictable long-term behaviour associated with direct cell transplantation. They have been an area of intense interest in regenerative medicine, due to the potential to harness their anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative effects to induce healing in a wide variety of tissues. However, the potential of using stem cell-derived EVs for treating joint injury and osteoarthritis has not yet been extensively explored. The pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, with or without prior joint injury, is not well understood, and there is a longstanding unmet clinical need to develop new treatments that provide a therapeutic effect in preventing or stopping joint degeneration, rather than merely relieving the symptoms of the disease. This review summarises the current evidence relating to stem cell-derived EVs in joint injury and osteoarthritis, providing a concise discussion of their characteristics, advantages, therapeutic effects, limitations and outlook in this exciting new area.
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页数：21
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