Biological mechanisms of gold nanoparticle radiosensitization

被引:201
作者
Rosa, Soraia [1 ]
Connolly, Chris [1 ,2 ]
Schettino, Giuseppe [2 ]
Butterworth, Karl T. [1 ]
Prise, Kevin M. [1 ]
机构
[1] Queens Univ Belfast, Ctr Canc Res & Cell Biol, 97 Lisburn Rd, Belfast BT9 7AE, Antrim, North Ireland
[2] Natl Phys Lab, London TW11 0LW, England
关键词
Cancer therapy; Radiation therapy; Radiosensitization; Gold nanoparticle; BREAST-CANCER CELLS; X-RAY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; DNA-DAMAGE; THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; DOSE ENHANCEMENT; CONTRAST AGENTS; CELLULAR UPTAKE; IN-VITRO;
D O I
10.1186/s12645-017-0026-0
中图分类号
R73 [肿瘤学];
学科分类号
100214 ;
摘要
There has been growing interest in the use of nanomaterials for a range of biomedical applications over the last number of years. In particular, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) possess a number of unique properties that make them ideal candidates as radio-sensitizers on the basis of their strong photoelectric absorption coefficient and ease of synthesis. However, despite promising preclinical evidence in vitro supported by a limited amount of in vivo experiments, along with advances in mechanistic understanding, GNPs have not yet translated into the clinic. This may be due to disparity between predicted levels of radiosensitization based on physical action, observed biological response and an incomplete mechanistic understanding, alongside current experimental limitations. This paper provides a review of the current state of the field, highlighting the potential underlying biological mechanisms in GNP radiosensitization and examining the barriers to clinical translation.
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页数:25
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