Drought and Famine in India, 1870-2016

被引：134

作者：

Mishra, Vimal ^{[1
]}

Tiwari, Amar Deep ^{[1
]}

Aadhar, Saran ^{[1
]}

Shah, Reepal ^{[1
]}

Xiao, Mu ^{[2
]}

Pai, D. S. ^{[3
]}

Lettenmaier, Dennis ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Indian Inst Technol, Civil Engn, Gandhinagar, India

[2] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Geog, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA

[3] Indian Meteorol Dept, Pune, Maharashtra, India

来源：

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS | 2019年 / 46卷 / 04期

关键词：

drought; India; famine; food security; VIC; soil moisture; SOIL-MOISTURE; UNITED-STATES; SURFACE; CLIMATE; FLUCTUATIONS; REANALYSIS; DATASET; FLUXES; ENERGY; WATER;

D O I：

10.1029/2018GL081477

中图分类号：

P [天文学、地球科学];

学科分类号：

07 ;

摘要：

Millions of people died due to famines in India in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries; however, the relationship of historical famines with drought is complicated and not well understood. Using station-based observations and simulations, we reconstruct soil moisture (agricultural) drought in India for the period 1870-2016. We show that over this century and a half period, India experienced seven major drought periods (1876-1882, 1895-1900, 1908-1924, 1937-1945, 1982-1990, 1997-2004, and 2011-2015) based on severity-area-duration analysis of reconstructed soil moisture. Out of six major famines (1873-74, 1876, 1877, 1896-97, 1899, and 1943) that occurred during 1870-2016, five are linked to soil moisture drought, and one (1943) was not. The three most deadly droughts (1877, 1896, and 1899) were linked with the positive phase of El Nino-Southern Oscillation. Five major droughts were not linked with famine, and three of those five nonfamine droughts occurred after Indian independence in 1947.

引用

页码：2075 / 2083

页数：9

共 58 条

[1] From Financial Crisis to Great Recession: The Role of Globalized Banks [J].