Expatriate assignment, adjustment and effectiveness: an empirical examination of the big picture

This study extends the international literature by empirically testing a model of expatriate adjustment that examines the relationships between organizational antecedents (i.e., reasons for assignment), a more comprehensive set of adjustment behaviors, self-reported performance, and subordinate-rated managerial effectiveness. Using data from 194 expatriate managers and 505 subordinates working in the multinational hotel industry, structural equations modeling results supported the hypothesized model. The conceptual and empirical contributions of this study as well as the managerial implications are discussed.