Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Patients With Concomitant Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation

Background. The impact of atrioventricular valve regurgitation in patients who undergo transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is not known. We examined the clinical outcome after TAVI in patients with moderate or more severe concomitant mitral or tricuspid regurgitation (TR). Methods. Two hundred sixty-eight consecutive patients who underwent TAVI at our institution since July 2007 were enrolled in this study. Patients had preoperative echocardiographic assessment of aortic stenosis and concomitant valve disease. At 6 months and 1 year, survival, New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional status, self-assessed state of health, and severity of mitral regurgitation (MR) and tricuspid regurgitation (TR) were assessed. Results. Preoperatively, 22.4% of patients (60/268) had moderate or more severe MR, 20.1% (54/268) had moderate or more severe TR, and 9.3% (25/268) had moderate or more severe MR and TR. With moderate or more severe TR, 1 year all-cause mortality was significantly higher compared with that of mild or less severe TR (33.9% and 20.9%, respectively; log rank p = 0.028). With moderate or more severe MR, 1-year all-cause mortality was 30.2% compared with 21.2% in mild or less severe MR (log rank p = 0.068). Neither moderate or more severe MR nor TR emerged as an independent risk factor. At 6 months, heart failure symptoms were significantly reduced regardless of the extent of atrioventricular valve regurgitation. Sixty-seven percent of patients with moderate or more severe MR and 50% of patients with moderate or more severe TR had an improvement of valve regurgitation. Conclusions. Atrioventricular valve regurgitation is present in a subgroup of patients undergoing TAVI whose survival is impaired. The majority of surviving patients exhibit the clinical benefits of TAVI with amelioration of heart failure symptoms and a decrease in severity of atrioventricular valve regurgitation. At present, moderate or more severe atrioventricular valve regurgitation cannot be considered a contraindication for TAVI. (Ann Thorac Surg 2013;95:77-84) (C) 2013 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons