Egress from the World Trade Center Towers on September 11, 2001

被引：9

作者：

Peacock, Richard D. ^{[1
]}

Averill, Jason D. ^{[1
]}

Kuligowski, Erica D. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] NIST, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA

来源：

FIRE TECHNOLOGY | 2013年 / 49卷 / 01期

关键词：

Building fires; Egress; Egress modeling; Emergency communication; Evacuation; Human behavior; Interviews; World Trade Center;

D O I：

10.1007/s10694-011-0236-7

中图分类号：

T [工业技术];

学科分类号：

08 ;

摘要：

This paper describes the occupant evacuation of World Trade Center (WTC) 1 and WTC 2 on September 11, 2001. Multiple sources of information were collected and analyzed: over 1,000 new interviews with survivors (including 803 telephone interviews, 225 face-to-face interviews, and 6 focus groups); over 700 published interviews; 9-1-1 emergency calls; transcripts of emergency communications, historical building design drawings, memoranda, and calculations; formal complaints filed with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration; and other relevant materials. The population in WTC 1 and WTC 2 on September 11, 2001, at 8:46:30 a.m. is enumerated and described, where the characteristics of the population were relevant to the subsequent evacuation, including training, experience, mobility status, among others. The progress of the evacuation of both towers is described in a quasi-chronological manner from 8:46:30 a.m. when WTC 1 was attacked, until 10:28:22 a.m., when WTC 1 collapsed.

引用

页码：7 / 35

页数：29