The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly of ROS: New Insights on Aging and Aging-Related Diseases from Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Model Organisms

被引:121
作者
Santos, Ana L. [1 ,2 ]
Sinha, Sanchari [3 ]
Lindner, Ariel B. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] INSERM, U1001, Paris, France
[2] Univ Paris 05, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
[3] DRDO, Def Inst Physiol & Allied Sci, New Delhi, India
关键词
BASE EXCISION-REPAIR; LIFE-SPAN EXTENSION; OXIDATIVELY DAMAGED PROTEINS; WERNER-SYNDROME PROTEIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI-CELLS; DNA-DAMAGE; CALORIE RESTRICTION; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE;
D O I
10.1155/2018/1941285
中图分类号
Q2 [细胞生物学];
学科分类号
071009 ; 090102 ;
摘要
Aging is associated with the accumulation of cellular damage over the course of a lifetime. This process is promoted in large part by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated via cellular metabolic and respiratory pathways. Pharmacological, nonpharmacological, and genetic interventions have been used to target cellular and mitochondrial networks in an effort to decipher aging and age-related disorders. While ROS historically have been viewed as a detrimental byproduct of normal metabolism and associated with several pathologies, recent research has revealed a more complex and beneficial role of ROS in regulating metabolism, development, and lifespan. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in ROS research, focusing on both the beneficial and harmful roles of ROS, many of which are conserved across species from bacteria to humans, in various aspects of cellular physiology. These studies provide a new context for our understanding of the parts ROS play in health and disease. Moreover, we highlight the utility of bacterial models to elucidate the molecular pathways by which ROS mediate aging and aging-related diseases.
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页数:23
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