The efficacy of dexmedetomidine on lung injury induced by renal ischemia/reperfusion in diabetic rats

Objectives: Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is a complex phenomenon, which is known to cause cell damage. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of dexmedetomidine on lung in the renal IR model in diabetic rats Materials and Methods: After approval of the ethics committee, diabetes was induced by streptozocin (55 mg/kg) and then 24 Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. Diabetic control group (group DC), diabetic dexmedetomidine (group DD), diabetic ischemia-reperfusion (group DIR), diabetic ischemia-reperfusion - dexmedetomidine (group DIR-D). In DD and DIR-D groups, 100 mu/kg dexmedetomidine was administered intraperitoneally 30 minutes before renal ischemia-reperfusion administration. In group DIR, and both artery and vein were clamped by an atraumatic vascular clamp for 120 minutes, then allowed reperfusion for 120 minutes. After then, biochemical and histopathological parameters of lung tissue samples were evaluated. Results: Histopathologically, neutrophil infiltration/aggregation, alveolar wall thickness, and total lung injury scores were found to be significantly higher in the DIR group than in the DC, DD and DIR-D groups. In addition, neutrophil infiltration/aggregation, alveolar wall thickness, and total lung injury scores were significantly higher in the DD and DIR-D groups compared to the DC group. We found that Catalase, Paraoxonase-1 activities and malondialdehyde levels were significantly increased in DIR group compared to DC, DD and DIR-D groups (p= 0.008, p<0.0001 and p=0.001 respectively). Conclusion: It was found that dexmedetomidine administered in diabetic rats partially corrected ischemia-reperfusion -related damage in the lung. We think that dexmedetomidine administration before renal IR has a protective effect in in diabetic rats.