Immunoregulation of allergic contact dermatitis

被引:45
作者
Girolomoni, G [1 ]
Gisondi, P [1 ]
Ottaviani, C [1 ]
Cavani, A [1 ]
机构
[1] IRCCS, Ist Dermopat Immacolata, I-00167 Rome, Italy
关键词
allergic contact dermatitis; regulatory T cells; interleukin; 10; CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells;
D O I
10.1111/j.1346-8138.2004.tb00671.x
中图分类号
R75 [皮肤病学与性病学];
学科分类号
100206 ;
摘要
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to haptens can serve as a valuable paradigm for understanding the physiopathology of T cell mediated immune responses. In sensitized individuals, exposure to the relevant hapten initiates clinical expression of ACD, which depends on the rapid activation of specific T cells. Mechanisms of tissue damage include direct cytotoxicity against keratinocytes, mostly mediated by CD8(+) T cells, and T cell release of cytokines, which amplify the inflammatory response by targeting resident skin cells. The expression of ACD is actively regulated by specialized subsets of T lymphocytes with suppressive functions. In particular, T regulatory cells producing high levels of IL-10 suppress ACD by blocking the functions of dendritic cells. In contrast CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells prevent immunopathological reactions and maintain peripheral tolerance to haptens by acting via a cell-to-cell contact mechanism. Understanding the role of suppressor T cells and the requirements for their in vivo and in vitro expansion are critical steps for the development of specific desensitization protocols in hapten-allergic individuals. This information may also provide the basis for novel interventions in other immune-mediated diseases.
引用
收藏
页码:264 / 270
页数:7
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