Sex Differences in Sports Across 50 Societies

被引：39
作者：
Deaner, Robert O. [1 ]
Smith, Brandt A. [2 ]
机构：
[1] Grand Valley State Univ, Allendale, MI 49401 USA
[2] Univ Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968 USA
来源：
CROSS-CULTURAL RESEARCH | 2013年 / 47卷 / 03期
关键词：
evolutionary psychology; anthropology; athletics; competitiveness; gender differences; aggression; universal; CROSS-CULTURAL-ANALYSIS; CONGENITAL ADRENAL-HYPERPLASIA; NATIONS TESTING EVOLUTIONARY; PERSONALITY-TRAITS; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; HUMAN-BEHAVIOR; SOCIAL-STATUS; AGGRESSION; CHILDREN; WOMEN;
D O I：
10.1177/1069397112463687
中图分类号：
C [社会科学总论];
学科分类号：
03 ; 0303 ;
摘要：
Sports have been frequently explored in cross-cultural studies, yet scant attention has been paid to female participation. Here we coded the occurrence of sports and related activities for males and females in the societies comprising the Human Relations Area Files (HRAF) probability sample. We then tested several predictions derived from evolutionary theory. As predicted, in all 50 societies with documented sports, there were more male sports than female sports; hunting and combat sports were almost exclusively male activities; and the sex difference in sports was greater in patriarchal than in nonpatriarchal societies. These results show that a robust sex difference in direct physical competition co-occurs with meaningful variation in its expression.
引用
收藏
页码：268 / 309
页数：42
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