APPLICATIONS OF CALCIUM PHOSPHATE NANOPARTICLES IN POROUS HARD TISSUE ENGINEERING SCAFFOLDS

To repair bone defects, an important approach is to fabricate tissue engineering scaffolds as substitutions to replace auto-/allologous bones. Currently, processing a biomaterial into three-dimensional porous scaffolds and incorporating the calcium phosphate (Ca-P) nanoparticles into scaffolds profile two main characteristics of bone tissue engineering scaffolds. Based on this fact, in this paper we describe the design principles of the Ca-P nanoparticle-based and porous bone tissue engineering scaffolds. Then we summarize a variety of the Ca-P nanoparticle-based scaffolds, including discussion of the integration of the Ca-P nanoparticles with ceramics and polymers, followed by introduction of safety of the Ca-P nanoparticles in scaffolds.