A dual-beam asymmetrically scanning leaky-wave antenna by utilizing a HEMT resistive upconverter

A dual-beam asymmetrical scanning microstrip leaky-wave antenna (LWA) has been demonstrated in this paper. A HEMT resistive upconverter output is connected to one terminal of the LWA, and a local oscillator (LO) signal is connected to the other terminal. In this experiment, we set the LO frequency at 9.5 GHz so that the right beam is fixed at 48degrees. By changing the IF frequency from 0.7 GHz to 1.5 GHz, the module of the LWA can steer the left main beam of the far-field pattern from 136degrees to 158degrees (the total scanning angle of 22degrees). Comparisons between the measured and theoretical results indicate that the design can achieve the asymmetrically scanning capability and agree well over the tuning bandwidth of 0.8 GHz.