Improvement of lower hybrid current drive systems for high-power and long-pulse operation on EAST

被引：8

作者：

Wang, M. ^{[1
]}

Liu, L. ^{[1
]}

Zhao, L. M. ^{[1
]}

Li, M. H. ^{[1
]}

Ma, W. D. ^{[1
]}

Hu, H. C. ^{[1
]}

Wu, Z. G. ^{[1
]}

Feng, J. Q. ^{[1
]}

Yang, Y. ^{[1
]}

Zhu, L. ^{[1
]}

Chen, M. ^{[1
]}

Zhou, T. A. ^{[1
]}

Jia, H. ^{[1
]}

Zhang, J. ^{[1
]}

Cao, L. ^{[1
]}

Zhang, L. ^{[1
]}

Liang, R. R. ^{[1
]}

Ding, B. J. ^{[1
]}

Zhang, X. J. ^{[1
]}

Shan, J. F. ^{[1
]}

Liu, F. K. ^{[1
]}

Ekedahl, A. ^{[2
]}

Goniche, M. ^{[2
]}

Hillairet, J. ^{[2
]}

Delpech, L. ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plasma Phys, Hefei 230031, Peoples R China

[2] CEA, IRFM, St Paul Les Durance, France

来源：

NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY | 2022年 / 54卷 / 11期

基金：

中国国家自然科学基金;

关键词：

Lower hybrid current drive; Hot spots; Fast electrons; Long -pulse operation; Tokamak; DENSITY CONVECTION; STEADY-STATE; TORE-SUPRA; PLASMA; PERFORMANCE; DIVERTOR;

D O I：

10.1016/j.net.2022.06.003

中图分类号：

TL [原子能技术]; O571 [原子核物理学];

学科分类号：

0827 ; 082701 ;

摘要：

Aiming at high-power and long-pulse operation up to 1000 s, some improvements have been made for both 2.45 GHz and 4.6 GHz lower hybrid (LH) systems during the recent 5 years. At first, the guard limiters of the LH antennas with graphite tiles were upgraded to tungsten, the most promising material for plasma facing components in nuclear fusion devices. These new guard limiters can operate at a peak power density of 12.9 MW/m2. Strong hot spots were usually observed on the old graphite limiters when 4.6 GHz system operated with power >2.0 MW [B. N. Wan et al., Nucl. Fusion 57 (2017) 102019], leading to a reduction of the maximum power capability. With the new limiters, 4.6 GHz LH system, the main current drive (CD) and electron heating tool for EAST, can be operated with power >2.5 MW routinely. Long-pulse operation up to 100 s with 4.6 GHz LH power of 2.4 MW was achieved in 2021 and the maximal temperature on the guard limiters measured by an infrared (IR) camera was about 540 degrees C, much below the permissible value of tungsten material (-1200 degrees C). A discharge with a duration of 1056 s was achieved and the 4.6 GHz LH energy injected into the plasma was up to 1.05 GJ. Secondly, the fully-active-multijunction (FAM) launcher of 2.45 GHz system was upgraded to a passive-active-multijunction (PAM), for which the density of optimum coupling was relatively low (below the cut-off value). Good coupling with reflection coefficient-3% has been achieved with plasma-antenna distance up to 11 cm for the new PAM. Finally, in order to eliminate the effect of ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRF) wave on 4.6 GHz LH wave coupling, the location of the ICRF launcher was changed to a port that is located 157.5 degrees toroidally from the 4.6 GHz LH system and is not magnetically connected.(c) 2022 Korean Nuclear Society, Published by Elsevier Korea LLC. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

引用

页码：4102 / 4110

页数：9

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