Factors affecting the physician-patient relationship of older veterans with inadequate health literacy: an observational study

Background In Taiwan, older veterans typically match the characteristics of a high prevalence of inadequate health literacy, which is a major barrier to effective communication in delivering proper health care. A good physician-patient relationship increases patients' trust and willingness to communicate, so an awareness of the factors that influence this relationship could improve it over time and enhance patients' health. Aim To explore factors related to the physician-patient relationship among older veterans with inadequate health literacy in Taiwan. Design and setting Observational study in veterans' homes. Method Data were collected using self-report questionnaires in face-to-face interviews. Patients with a Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults score < 60 (defined as inadequate health literacy) were recruited. Demographic characteristics, the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form, Multidimensional Health Locus of Control, and Perceived Involvement in Care Scales were used to identify related factors. Multiple regression and bootstrapping were used for data analyses. Results A total of 256 older individuals were defined as having inadequate health literacy. Patients' perceived involvement in health care partially mediated the relationship between Health Locus of Control and the physician-patient relationship. Perceived Involvement in Care, depression score, and Health Locus of Control were predictors of the physician-patient relationship. Conclusion Older patients with inadequate health literacy had difficulty becoming actively involved in health care. The GP is in an ideal position to become a key person in helping such patients become involved in health care, and appropriately treating their depression may improve the physician-patient relationship.