Cutoff points for continuous metabolic risk score in adolescents from southern Brazil

Objective: There is no consensus on the best diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the child and adolescent population. Thus, the present study aimed to establish cutoff points for a continuous metabolic risk score (cMetS) in adolescents from southern Brazil. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted between 2014 and 2015. The sample consisted of 1739 schoolchildren (985 girls), aged 10-17 years. cMetS was calculated by sum of the Z-score of the following parameters: waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Three diagnostic criteria of MetS were used to create cut points for cMetS. Results: The best cutoff point for cMetS was set at 3.40 for boys (sensitivity: 100.0%, specificity: 92.9%, AUC: 0.978) and 3.61 for girls (sensitivity: 100, 0%, specificity: 93.1%, AUC: 0.991). For these cutoff points, metabolic risk was found in 8.9% of adolescents (9.4% for boys and 8.5% for girls). A linear relationship was found between the mean values of cMetS and the number of components of MetS (mean cMetS -1.09 for no component present and 6.66 for 3 or more components). Conclusions: The use of cMetS is valid for adolescents and can detect a greater proportion of students with metabolic risk, compared to the current criteria for diagnosis of MetS.