Predictors of orthodontic residency performance: An assessment of scholastic and demographic selection parameters

Objective: To evaluate the association between resident selection criteria, including Graduate Record Examination (GRE) scores, and student performance in an orthodontic residency program. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study evaluated the academic records of 70 orthodontic residency graduates from the Indiana University School of Dentistry. The following demographic and scholastic data were extracted from the student academic records: applicant age, gender, ethnicity, race, country of origin, dental school graduation year, GRE score, and graduate orthodontic grade point average (GPA). In addition, student American Board of Orthodontics (ABO) written examination quintiles were obtained from the ABO. Scatterplots, analysis of variance, and correlation coefficients were used to analyze the data. Statistical significance was established at .05 for the study. Results: No associations were found with any component of the GRE, except with the quantitative GRE section, which displayed a weak association with ABO module 2 scores. Dental school GPA demonstrated weak correlations with all ABO modules and moderate correlations with overall and didactic orthodontic GPAs. When assessing demographic factors, significant differences (P < .05) were observed, with the following groups demonstrating higher performance on certain ABO modules: age (younger), race (whites), and country of origin (US citizens). Conclusions: Findings suggest the GRE has no association with student performance in an orthodontic residency. However, dental school GPA and/or class rank appear to be the strongest scholastic predictors of residency performance.