Alveolar ridge preservation and early implant placement at maxillary central incisor sites: A prospective case series study

Purpose To assess whether alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) with 90% deproteinized bovine bone mineral in a 10% collagen matrix (DBBMC) and resorbable type I/III porcine collagen matrix (CM) maintains sufficient bone volume for early implant placement 8-10 weeks after extraction of maxillary central incisors. Materials and Methods In this case series study of 10 consecutively enrolled patients, sockets of maxillary single central incisors requiring extraction and early implant placement were grafted with DBBMC/CM. Ridge dimensions were measured pre-extraction and just prior to implant placement. Results Alveolar ridge preservation maintained sufficient bone volume for implants to be placed in all sites. Compared to pre-extraction, there was a significant reduction in the orofacial dimensions of the ridge (1.4 +/- 1.07 mm; 13.2% reduction) and bone (0.7 +/- 0.67 mm; 9.3%) at the coronal midfacial region. A significant reduction in apicocoronal height of the crestal bone at midfacial (1.2 +/- 0.78 mm) and palatal aspects was observed. On CBCT, a statistically significant reduction in alveolar ridge area occurred (10.9 +/- 13.42 mm(2); 12.2% reduction). To optimize aesthetic outcomes, 9/10 sites required additional low volume grafting at the coronal region, whereas one site required more extensive grafting due to a facial bone dehiscence. At 1-year, the implant survival rate was 100% and median Pink Esthetic Score (PES) was 10 (range 9-13). Conclusions ARP using DBBMC/CM maintains sufficient bone volume for early implant placement 8.9 +/- 0.97 weeks later, with a 100% survival rate 1 year after restoration.