Determination of Exposure to Metals in Industrial Area: Airborne Heavy Metals and Health Risk Assessment, Gebeng

This study's primary focus is the airborne pollution from heavy metals in the industrial region. Gebeng was chosen as the industrial region for this study with eight points throughout two monsoon seasons. The measurement of samples were used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in order for heavy metals detection (As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn and Fe). According to the findings, the mean of As, Pb, Cd and As concentrations found in Gebeng were 0.069 mg/L +/- 0.059, 0.005 mg/L +/- 0.004. and 0.004 mg/L +/- 0.002. The findings indicated that the mean content of metals found in the southwest monsoon was significantly greater than the standard value set by the European Commission in Directives 2004/107/EC and 2008/50/EC. Six metals have HQs and HIs that are almost uniformly lower than the level considered risk-free for both kids and adults (=1) for certain metals. Overall, the HI value increased in the arrangement of: Cu<Zn<As<Pb<Cd<Fe. While Cu and Zn have the lowest values, Fe and Cd have the highest values. These metals have lower HI values for adults than for children. It was determined that the main contributors to the heavy metal's atmospheric concentration along the Gebeng industrial area were transportation and industrial emissions. The assessment for human health risk is an effective method in identifying the heavy metals and the way of exposure that are most concerning in urban settings.