Localization of Emission Source in Urban Environment Based on the Doppler Effect

In urban environments, a multipath propagation and the Doppler effect are dominant phenomena that negatively affect the quality of service in wireless communications and realization of location methods. This paper presents the localization method of emission source in urban terrain for NLOS conditions based on the Doppler effect. To this aim, authors use the signal Doppler frequency (SDF) method. For mobile receiver locates and stationary transmitter, a spectrum of the received signal, called also the Doppler spectrum, is spread. On this basis, the estimation of the Doppler frequency shifts are used in SDF. In the paper, authors present a novel simple method of this estimation. Evaluation of SDF accuracy are obtained on the basis of simulation studies. The Doppler multi-elliptical channel model is used to the wireless channel modeling. In performed analysis, relative errors of transmitter location are in the order of single percent. Presented method can be easily used to PSK, OFDM and other emissions that have a harmonic in the signal spectrum.