Forensic archaeology in New Zealand: Review and future directions

The current status and potential scope of archaeological approaches to forensic casework in New Zealand is critically reviewed. The development and current practice of forensic archaeology is outlined, demonstrating that the discipline has been successfully incorporated into crime- and disaster-scene work in other countries as well as the international humanitarian arena. Despite the application of ostensibly archaeological techniques to clandestine graves by Police and ESR forensic scientists, currently forensic archaeology is absent in New Zealand. Factors including low homicide rates, the absence of suitably qualified forensic archaeologists, a lack of education around what forensic archaeology is, and economic constraints are considered as possible explanations. International evidence shows that any case that requires physical spadework for the recovery of evidence is a case where archaeology can contribute positively, and the low frequency of such situations need not undermine the importance of maximising evidential recovery and interpretation and employing best practice. It is argued that the framework already exists for archaeological approaches to forensic casework in New Zealand, but has only to be integrated with greater training, cooperation and education.