Overview and introduction: The blood-brain barrier in health and disease

被引:238
|
作者
Abbott, N. Joan [2 ]
Friedman, Alon [1 ]
机构
[1] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Zlotowski Ctr Neurosci, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Physiol & Neurobiol, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel
[2] Kings Coll London, Blood Brain Barrier Grp, Inst Pharmaceut Sci, London WC2R 2LS, England
基金
以色列科学基金会;
关键词
Blood-brain barrier; Brain diseases; Neurovascular unit; ABC TRANSPORTERS; DYSFUNCTION; EPILEPSY; CNS; MECHANISMS; HYPOTHESIS; INTEGRITY; PERICYTES; PATHOLOGY; BREAKDOWN;
D O I
10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03696.x
中图分类号
R74 [神经病学与精神病学];
学科分类号
摘要
This article introduces the special issue on BloodBrain Barrier and Epilepsy. We review briefly current understanding of the structure and function of the bloodbrain barrier (BBB), including its development and normal physiology, and ways in which it can be affected in pathology. The BBB formed by the endothelium of cerebral blood vessels is one of three main barrier sites protecting the central nervous system (CNS). The barrier is not a rigid structure, but a dynamic interface with a range of interrelated functions, resulting from extremely effective tight junctions, transendothelial transport systems, enzymes, and regulation of leukocyte permeation, which thereby generates the physical, transport, enzymatic, and immune regulatory functions of the BBB. The brain endothelial cells are important components of a modular structure, the neurovascular unit (NVU), with several associated cell types and extracellular matrix components. Modern methods have helped in identifying a range of proteins involved in barrier structure and function, and recent studies have revealed important stages, cell types, and signaling pathways important in BBB development. There is a growing list of CNS pathologies showing BBB dysfunction, with strong evidence that this can play a major role in certain disease etiologies. The articles that follow in this issue summarize in more detail reports and discussions of the recent international meeting on BBB in Neurological Dysfunctions, which took place recently at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Desert Campus (Beer-Sheva, Israel), focusing on the link between experimental and clinical studies, and the ways in which these lead to improved drug treatments.
引用
收藏
页码:1 / 6
页数:6
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