Thermophysical properties of Cu-In-Sn liquid Pb-free alloys: viscosity and surface tension

The viscosity of a few Cu-In-Sn liquid alloys has been investigated by a number of geometric (Muggianu, Kohler, Toop) and physical thermodynamic models (Kozlov-Romanov-Petrov, Budai-Benko-Kaptay, Schick et al.) and GSM for the cross section (z/y = 1/3) in Pb-free liquid alloy Cu-x-In-y-Sn-z at 1073 K. Moreover, the surface tensions of the same liquid alloys have been investigated by a number of geometric models and the Butler model for the cross section Cu-x-In-y-Sn-z (z/(y + z) = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, 1) at the same temperature. The best agreement of the surface tensions was obtained in the Kohler model for x(Cu) = 10 at % and the Butler model for x(Cu) = 20 at % and x(Cu) = 30 at.%, respectively. The best agreement among chosen geometric and physical models and experiment for these selected sections Cu80In15Sn5, Cu75In15Sn10, Cu55In7Sn38, Cu33In50Sn17 and Cu26In55Sn19 at 1073 K was obtained for the Budai-Benko-Kaptay model.