Parasites in rodent coprolites from the historical archaeological site Alero Mazquiaran, Chubut Province, Argentina

The aim of this study was to examine the parasitic remains that were found in rodent coprolites collected from the archaeological site Alero Mazquiaran (Chubut Province, 45 degrees 44' 15 '' S, 70 degrees 25' 9 '' W), which is assigned to the interface of the Araucanian and Tehuelche cultures, dated at 212 +/- 35 years B. P. The faecal material from two unidentified rodent species (X-10 and X-11) was collected from one human pelvic cavity found in a multiple burial. The faecal samples were processed and examined using paleoparasitological procedures. The X-10 coprolites were positive for eggs of Monoecocestus sp. (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) and the X-11 faeces were positive for Pterygodermatites sp. (Nematoda: Rictulariidae), Trichosomoides sp. (Nematoda: Trichosomoididae) and Monoecocestus sp. In this study, we discuss parasitic life cycles, the zoonotic importance of parasites and the behaviour of the aboriginal people.