Emission factors and light absorption properties of brown carbon from household coal combustion in China

被引：127

作者：

Sun, Jianzhong ^{[1
,2
,5
]}

Zhi, Guorui ^{[2
]}

Hitzenberger, Regina ^{[4
]}

Chen, Yingjun ^{[1
,3
]}

Tian, Chongguo ^{[1
]}

Zhang, Yayun ^{[2
,6
]}

Feng, Yanli ^{[7
]}

Cheng, Miaomiao ^{[2
]}

Zhang, Yuzhe ^{[2
,6
]}

Cai, Jing ^{[8
]}

Chen, Feng ^{[7
]}

Qiu, Yiqin ^{[7
]}

Jiang, Zhiming ^{[7
]}

Li, Jun ^{[8
]}

Zhang, Gan ^{[8
]}

Mo, Yangzhi ^{[8
]}

机构：

[1] Chinese Acad Sci, Yantai Inst Coastal Zone Res, Key Lab Coastal Environm Proc & Ecol Remediat, Yantai 264003, Peoples R China

[2] Chinese Res Inst Environm Sci, State Key Lab Environm Criteria & Risk Assessment, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China

[3] Tongji Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Key Lab Cities Mitigat & Adaptat Climate Change, State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resources Reuse, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China

[4] Univ Vienna, Fac Phys, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria

[5] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China

[6] China Univ Petr, Coll Chem Engn, Beijing 102249, Peoples R China

[7] Shanghai Univ, Inst Environm Pollut & Hlth, Sch Environm & Chem Engn, Shanghai 200444, Peoples R China

[8] Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Organ Geochem, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China

来源：

ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS | 2017年 / 17卷 / 07期

基金：

中国国家自然科学基金;

关键词：

POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; SOLUBLE ORGANIC-CARBON; HUMIC-LIKE SUBSTANCES; BLACK CARBON; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; PAH EMISSIONS; ELEMENTAL CARBON; TAR BALLS; AEROSOLS; PARTICLES;

D O I：

10.5194/acp-17-4769-2017

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

Brown carbon (BrC) draws increasing attention due to its effects on climate and other environmental factors. In China, household coal burned for heating and cooking purposes releases huge amounts of carbonaceous particles every year; however, BrC emissions have rarely been estimated in a persuasive manner due to the unavailable emission characteristics. Here, seven coals jointly covering geological maturity from low to high were burned in four typical stoves as both chunk and briquette styles. The optical integrating sphere (IS) method was applied to measure the emission factors (EFs) of BrC and black carbon (BC) via an iterative process using the different spectral dependence of light absorption for BrC and BC and using humic acid sodium salt (HASS) and carbon black (CarB) as reference materials. The following results have been found: (i) the average EFs of BrC for anthracite coal chunks and briquettes are 1.08 +/- 0.80 and 1.52 +/- 0.16 g kg(-1), respectively, and those for bituminous coal chunks and briquettes are 8.59 +/- 2.70 and 4.01 +/- 2.19 g kg(-1), respectively, reflecting a more sig-nificant decline in BrC EFs for bituminous coals than for anthracites due to briquetting. (ii) The BrC EF peaks at the middle of coal's geological maturity, displaying a bell-shaped curve between EF and volatile matter (V-daf) (iii) The calculated BrC emissions from China's residential coal burning amounted to 592 Gg (1 Gg = 10(9) g) in 2013, which is nearly half of China's total BC emissions. (iv) The absorption +/-ngstrm exponents (AAEs) of all coal briquettes are higher than those of coal chunks, indicating that the measure of coal briquetting increases the BrC / BC emission ratio and thus offsets some of the climate cooling effect of briquetting. (v) In the scenario of current household coal burning in China, solar light absorption by BrC (350-850 nm in this study) accounts for more than a quarter (0.265) of the total absorption. This implies the significance of BrC to climate modeling.

引用

页码：4769 / 4780

页数：12

共 94 条

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