Drug-Induced Craving for Methamphetamine Is Associated With Neural Methamphetamine Cue Reactivity

Objective: Drug craving serves as the major motivator to propagate drug use and is thought to elicit relapse in abstinent individuals. Although craving for methamphetamine has been investigated using both laboratory and neuroimaging methodologies, the relationship between drug-induced craving and neural responses to methamphetamine cues has yet to be explored. Therefore. the present study investigated whether methamphetamine-induced craving responses in the laboratory were associated with neural response to methamphetamine cues. Method: Non-treatment-seeking individuals with methamphetamine use disorder (n = 15) completed two sessions, one in the laboratory where they underwent a methamphetamine infusion, and one in the magnetic resonance imaging scanner where they viewed methamphetamine cues. Participants reported their craving for methamphetamine over the course of the laboratory session. Analyses examined the association between peak ratings of methamphetamine-induced craving and neural activation to methamphetamine cues. Results: In individuals with a methamphetamine use disorder, methamphetamine-induced craving was positively associated with neural methamphetamine cue reactivity in the precuneus, putamen, and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (Z> 2.3, p < .05). Conclusions: There is a shared neurobiology underlying cue- and drug-induced craving in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder. Treatments that disrupt this circuitry may decrease craving and help prevent relapse.