Noncontingent reinforcement is an empirically supported treatment for problem behavior exhibited by individuals with developmental disabilities

被引：89
作者：
Carr, James E. [1 ]
Severtson, Jamie M. [1 ]
Lepper, Tracy L. [1 ]
机构：
[1] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Psychol, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA
来源：
RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES | 2009年 / 30卷 / 01期
关键词：
Noncontingent reinforcement; Empirically supported treatments; Problem behavior; Developmental disabilities; Functional assessment; Fixed-time schedules; SELF-INJURIOUS-BEHAVIOR; MAINTAINED DESTRUCTIVE BEHAVIOR; MENTAL-RETARDATION; ABERRANT BEHAVIOR; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; FIXED-TIME; DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT; ALTERNATIVE REINFORCEMENT; NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT; PEDIATRIC PSYCHOLOGY;
D O I：
10.1016/j.ridd.2008.03.002
中图分类号：
G76 [特殊教育];
学科分类号：
040109 ;
摘要：
Noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) is a function-based treatment for problem behavior that has produced robust effects across a variety of response topographies and reinforcement functions among individuals with developmental disabilities. Several narrative reviews have adequately described this literature. The purpose of the present article was to quantitatively analyze and classify the empirical support for NCR using the criteria developed by The Task Force on the Promotion and Dissemination of Psychological Procedures [Task Force Promoting Dissemination of Psychological Procedures. (1995). Training in and dissemination of empirically-validated psychological treatments: Report and recommendations. Clinical Psychology, 48, 3-23]. Of the 59 studies identified for analysis, 24 met the criteria to be included in treatment classification. Fixed-time reinforcer delivery (plus extinction and schedule thinning) was classified as well established, while fixed-time reinforcer delivery (plus extinction) and variable-time reinforcer delivery (plus extinction) were deemed probably efficacious. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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页码：44 / 57
页数：14
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