Role of toll-like receptors in systemic sclerosis

被引:34
作者
Ciechomska, Marzena [1 ]
Cant, Rachel [1 ]
Finnigan, James [1 ]
van Laar, Jacob M. [1 ]
O'Reilly, Steven [1 ]
机构
[1] Inst Cellular Med, Musculoskeletal Res Grp, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, Tyne & Wear, England
来源
EXPERT REVIEWS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE | 2013年 / 15卷
关键词
INNATE IMMUNE-RESPONSE; SINGLE-STRANDED RNA; NF-KAPPA-B; GENE-EXPRESSION; DENDRITIC CELLS; CUTTING EDGE; CIRCULATING MONOCYTES; LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; ENDOGENOUS LIGAND;
D O I
10.1017/erm.2013.10
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Accumulative evidence demonstrates the crucial role of evolutionary conserved Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in identifying microbial or viral compounds. TLRs are also able to recognise endogenous molecules which are released upon cell damage or stress and have been shown to play a key role in numerous autoimmune diseases including systemic sclerosis (SSc). A classic feature of SSc, is vascular injury manifested as Raynaud's phenomenon and ischaemia of the skin, resulting in the release of endogenous TLR ligands during inflammation and local tissue damage. These locally released TLR ligands bind TLRs possibly complexed to autoantibodies, and initiate intracellular signalling pathways and may be one of the mechanisms that initiate and drive autoimmunity and subsequent fibrosis. Activation of the immune system results in interferon (IFN) sensitive gene transcription. There is also an IFN gene signature in SSc peripheral blood. TLRs may represent the link between immune activation, common in SSc, and tissue fibrosis. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanisms of TLR-mediated pathogenesis and therapies targeting individual TLRs, may provide a more specific approach of treating multi-systemic autoimmune diseases. This review aims to integrate the current knowledge of TLR function in the autoimmune disorders with particular emphasis on SSc. We suggest the TLR system as a new therapeutic target.
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页数:17
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