The meaning of the concepts of indigenous psychologies and of indigenisation, the process by which they are achieved, are explored within the first four articles of this special issue. The concepts are examined initially in the abstract from the broader perspectives of the social psychology of science (Adair) and cross-cultural psychology (Poortinga), and in two concrete applications of indigenous psychology approaches in Mexico (Diaz-:Loving) and Korea (Kim, Park, Br Park). In the second part of this special issue, three articles report on empirical research assessing the extent of indigenous development: that has occurred in Turkey, the farmer USSR, Venezuela, and Puerto Rico. This introduction summarises some of the commonalities and differences among the contributions.