Excitation of spin waves by an electric current

The excitation of spin waves in an unbounded ferromagnetic film by a direct spin-polarized current distributed over a small area is treated macroscopically. The derived critical threshold current for excitation has two additive terms: The first arises from radiation of spin waves and is constant. The second arises from local viscous dissipation and varies in proportion to damping coefficient, external field, and area. An application of these predictions modifies the existing interpretation of experiments by Tsoi and collaborators employing currents flowing through point contacts. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.