An adaptive-binning method for generating constant-uncertainty/constant-significance light curves with Fermi-LAT data

被引:67
作者
Lott, B. [1 ,2 ]
Escande, L. [1 ,2 ]
Larsson, S. [3 ,4 ,5 ]
Ballet, J. [6 ]
机构
[1] Univ Bordeaux, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France
[2] CNRS, IN2P3, CENBG, UMR 5797, F-33170 Gradignan, France
[3] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[4] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, Stockholm 10691, Sweden
[5] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[6] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, CEA IRFU CNRS, Serv Astrophys,Lab AIM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France
关键词
methods: data analysis; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; CATALOG; BAND;
D O I
10.1051/0004-6361/201218873
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
Aims. We present a method enabling the creation of constant-uncertainty/constant-significance light curves with the data of the Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT). The adaptive-binning method enables more information to be encapsulated within the light curve than with the fixed-binning method. Although primarily developed for blazar studies, it can be applied to any sources. Methods. This method allows the starting and ending times of each interval to be calculated in a simple and quick way during a first step. The reported mean flux and spectral index (assuming the spectrum is a power-law distribution) in the interval are calculated via the standard LAT analysis during a second step. Results. The absence of major caveats associated with this method has been established by means of Monte-Carlo simulations. We present the performance of this method in determining duty cycles as well as power-density spectra relative to the traditional fixed-binning method.
引用
收藏
页数:12
相关论文
共 10 条
[1]   Gamma-Ray Flares from the Crab Nebula [J].
Abdo, A. A. ;
Ackermann, M. ;
Ajello, M. ;
Allafort, A. ;
Baldini, L. ;
Ballet, J. ;
Barbiellini, G. ;
Bastieri, D. ;
Bechtol, K. ;
Bellazzini, R. ;
Berenji, B. ;
Blandford, R. D. ;
Bloom, E. D. ;
Bonamente, E. ;
Borgland, A. W. ;
Bouvier, A. ;
Brandt, T. J. ;
Bregeon, J. ;
Brez, A. ;
Brigida, M. ;
Bruel, P. ;
Buehler, R. ;
Buson, S. ;
Caliandro, G. A. ;
Cameron, R. A. ;
Cannon, A. ;
Caraveo, P. A. ;
Casandjian, J. M. ;
Celik, O. ;
Charles, E. ;
Chekhtman, A. ;
Cheung, C. C. ;
Chiang, J. ;
Ciprini, S. ;
Claus, R. ;
Cohen-Tanugi, J. ;
Costamante, L. ;
Cutini, S. ;
D'Ammando, F. ;
Dermer, C. D. ;
de Angelis, A. ;
de Luca, A. ;
de Palma, F. ;
Digel, S. W. ;
do Couto e Silva, E. ;
Drell, P. S. ;
Drlica-Wagner, A. ;
Dubois, R. ;
Dumora, D. ;
Favuzzi, C. .
SCIENCE, 2011, 331 (6018) :739-742
[2]   FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE FIRST SOURCE CATALOG [J].
Abdo, A. A. ;
Ackermann, M. ;
Ajello, M. ;
Allafort, A. ;
Antolini, E. ;
Atwood, W. B. ;
Axelsson, M. ;
Baldini, L. ;
Ballet, J. ;
Barbiellini, G. ;
Bastieri, D. ;
Baughman, B. M. ;
Bechtol, K. ;
Bellazzini, R. ;
Belli, F. ;
Berenji, B. ;
Bisello, D. ;
Blandford, R. D. ;
Bloom, E. D. ;
Bonamente, E. ;
Bonnell, J. ;
Borgland, A. W. ;
Bouvier, A. ;
Bregeon, J. ;
Brez, A. ;
Brigida, M. ;
Bruel, P. ;
Burnett, T. H. ;
Busetto, G. ;
Buson, S. ;
Caliandro, G. A. ;
Cameron, R. A. ;
Campana, R. ;
Canadas, B. ;
Caraveo, P. A. ;
Carrigan, S. ;
Casandjian, J. M. ;
Cavazzuti, E. ;
Ceccanti, M. ;
Cecchi, C. ;
Celik, Oe. ;
Charles, E. ;
Chekhtman, A. ;
Cheung, C. C. ;
Chiang, J. ;
Cillis, A. N. ;
Ciprini, S. ;
Claus, R. ;
Cohen-Tanugi, J. ;
Conrad, J. .
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, 2010, 188 (02) :405-436
[3]   SPECTRAL PROPERTIES OF BRIGHT FERMI-DETECTED BLAZARS IN THE GAMMA-RAY BAND [J].
Abdo, A. A. ;
Ackermann, M. ;
Ajello, M. ;
Atwood, W. B. ;
Axelsson, M. ;
Baldini, L. ;
Ballet, J. ;
Barbiellini, G. ;
Bastieri, D. ;
Bechtol, K. ;
Bellazzini, R. ;
Berenji, B. ;
Blandford, R. D. ;
Bloom, E. D. ;
Bonamente, E. ;
Borgland, A. W. ;
Bouvier, A. ;
Bregeon, J. ;
Brez, A. ;
Brigida, M. ;
Bruel, P. ;
Burnett, T. H. ;
Buson, S. ;
Caliandro, G. A. ;
Cameron, R. A. ;
Caraveo, P. A. ;
Carrigan, S. ;
Casandjian, J. M. ;
Cavazzuti, E. ;
Cecchi, C. ;
Celik, Oe ;
Charles, E. ;
Chekhtman, A. ;
Cheung, C. C. ;
Chiang, J. ;
Ciprini, S. ;
Claus, R. ;
Cohen-Tanugi, J. ;
Conrad, J. ;
Cutini, S. ;
Dermer, C. D. ;
de Angelis, A. ;
de Palma, F. ;
Digel, S. W. ;
do Couto e Silva, E. ;
Drell, P. S. ;
Dubois, R. ;
Dumora, D. ;
Farnier, C. ;
Favuzzi, C. .
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2010, 710 (02) :1271-1285
[4]   THE SECOND CATALOG OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI DETECTED BY THE FERMI LARGE AREA TELESCOPE [J].
Ackermann, M. ;
Ajello, M. ;
Allafort, A. ;
Antolini, E. ;
Atwood, W. B. ;
Axelsson, M. ;
Baldini, L. ;
Ballet, J. ;
Barbiellini, G. ;
Bastieri, D. ;
Bechtol, K. ;
Bellazzini, R. ;
Berenji, B. ;
Blandford, R. D. ;
Bloom, E. D. ;
Bonamente, E. ;
Borgland, A. W. ;
Bottacini, E. ;
Bouvier, A. ;
Bregeon, J. ;
Brigida, M. ;
Bruel, P. ;
Buehler, R. ;
Burnett, T. H. ;
Buson, S. ;
Caliandro, G. A. ;
Cameron, R. A. ;
Caraveo, P. A. ;
Casandjian, J. M. ;
Cavazzuti, E. ;
Cecchi, C. ;
Charles, E. ;
Cheung, C. C. ;
Chiang, J. ;
Ciprini, S. ;
Claus, R. ;
Cohen-Tanugi, J. ;
Conrad, J. ;
Costamante, L. ;
Cutini, S. ;
de Angelis, A. ;
de Palma, F. ;
Dermer, C. D. ;
Digel, S. W. ;
do Couto e Silva, E. ;
Drell, P. S. ;
Dubois, R. ;
Escande, L. ;
Favuzzi, C. ;
Fegan, S. J. .
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2011, 743 (02)
[5]  
CASH W, 1979, ASTROPHYS J, V228, P939, DOI 10.1086/156922
[6]   THE X-RAY VARIABILITY OF NGC-6814 - POWER SPECTRUM [J].
DONE, C ;
MADEJSKI, GM ;
MUSHOTZKY, RF ;
TURNER, TJ ;
KOYAMA, K ;
KUNIEDA, H .
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 1992, 400 (01) :138-152
[7]   An algorithm for optimal partitioning of data on an interval [J].
Jackson, B ;
Scargle, JD ;
Barnes, D ;
Arabhi, S ;
Alt, A ;
Gioumousis, P ;
Gwin, E ;
Sangtrakulcharoen, P ;
Tan, L ;
Tsai, TT .
IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING LETTERS, 2005, 12 (02) :105-108
[8]  
JACKSON B, 2003, ARXIVASTROPH0309285
[9]   Studies in astronomical time series analysis. V. Bayesian blocks, a new method to analyze structure in photon counting data [J].
Scargle, JD .
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 1998, 504 (01) :405-418
[10]   Measuring the broad-band power spectra of active galactic nuclei with RXTE [J].
Uttley, P ;
McHardy, IM ;
Papadakis, IE .
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, 2002, 332 (01) :231-250