Sparganium stoloniferum is a perennial aquatic or marsh herb. In this study, we assembled and characterized the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of S. stoloniferum for the first time. The circular genome is 161,759 bp in length and exhibits a typical quadripartite structure of the large single-copy (LSC, 88,957 bp) and small single-copy (SSC, 19,030 bp) regions, separated by a pair of inverted repeats (IRs, 26,886 bp). It contains 113 unique genes, including 79 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA, and four rRNA genes. The phylogenetic analysis within order Poales demonstrated that Sparganium is sister to Typha, supporting inclusion of Sparganium and Typha in the single Typhaceae.