Electron energy-loss spectroscopy is used to map composition and electronic states in epitaxial La(2/3)Ca(1/3)MnO(3) films grown on SrTiO(3) (001) and (110) substrates. It is found that in partially relaxed (110) films cationic composition and valence state of Mn(3+/4+) ions are preserved across the film thickness. In contrast, in fully strained (001) films, the Ca/La ratio gradually changes across the film, being La rich at film/substrate interface and La depleted at free surface; Mn valence state changes accordingly. These observations suggest that a strongly orientation-dependent adaptative composition mechanism dominates stress accommodation in manganite films and provides microscopic understanding of their dissimilar magnetic properties. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.