How to study drying shrinkage microcracking in cement-based materials using optical and scanning electron microscopy?

Three different 'destructive' microscopy methods were tested on their ability to show drying shrinkage microcracks on a specimen cross-section. The first two were methods in which the microcracks were impregnated with a fluorescent epoxy and examined with fluorescence microscopy. In one method, the impregnation was applied before making the cross-section and in the other after making the cross-section. In the third method, the sample was kept wet constantly and examined in an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM). It was concluded that the method in which the dried specimen was impregnated before making the cross-section was the most reliable method to record drying shrinkage microcracks. With this method, it was possible to impregnate the complete drying shrinkage microcrack pattern in the studied cement-based materials from the surface, and there was no risk of recording microcracks introduced by sample preparation. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.