Epigenetic aberrations in human pluripotent stem cells

被引：80

作者：

Bar, Shiran ^{[1
]}

Benvenisty, Nissim ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Genet, Azrieli Ctr Stem Cells & Genet Res, Silberman Inst Life Sci, Jerusalem, Israel

来源：

EMBO JOURNAL | 2019年 / 38卷 / 12期

基金：

以色列科学基金会;

关键词：

DNA methylation; epigenetic alterations; human pluripotent stem cells; imprinting; X chromosome inactivation; X-CHROMOSOME INACTIVATION; DNA METHYLATION DYNAMICS; GENE-EXPRESSION; XIST EXPRESSION; SOMATIC-CELLS; CANCER; GENOME; MOUSE; DIFFERENTIATION; NAIVE;

D O I：

10.15252/embj.2018101033

中图分类号：

Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];

学科分类号：

071010 ; 081704 ;

摘要：

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are being increasingly utilized worldwide in investigating human development, and modeling and discovering therapies for a wide range of diseases as well as a source for cellular therapy. Yet, since the first isolation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) 20 years ago, followed by the successful reprogramming of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) 10 years later, various studies shed light on abnormalities that sometimes accumulate in these cells in vitro. Whereas genetic aberrations are well documented, epigenetic alterations are not as thoroughly discussed. In this review, we highlight frequent epigenetic aberrations found in hPSCs, including alterations in DNA methylation patterns, parental imprinting, and X chromosome inactivation. We discuss the potential origins of these abnormalities in hESCs and hiPSCs, survey the different methods for detecting them, and elaborate on their potential consequences for the different utilities of hPSCs.

引用

页数：18

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