Membrane electrolysis for the removal of Na+ from brines for the subsequent recovery of lithium salts

被引:23
作者
Diaz Nieto, Cesar H. [1 ]
Rabaey, Korneel [2 ,3 ]
Flexer, Victoria [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Nacl Jujuy, CONICET, Ctr Invest & Desarrollo Mat Avanzados & Almacenam, Av Martijena S-N, RA-4612 Palpala, Argentina
[2] Univ Ghent, Ctr Microbial Ecol & Technol CMET, Fac Biosci Engn, Ghent, Belgium
[3] CAPTURE, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
基金
欧盟地平线“2020”;
关键词
Sustainable mining; Raw materials; Membrane-electrolysis; Sodium carbonate; Lithium recovery; ION-EXCHANGE; ELECTROCHEMICAL EXTRACTION; SELECTIVE SEPARATION; SOLVENT-EXTRACTION; LAKE BRINES; ELECTRODIALYSIS; RESISTANCE; RESOURCES; HYDROXIDE; CARBONATE;
D O I
10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117410
中图分类号
TQ [化学工业];
学科分类号
0817 ;
摘要
Lithium-rich continental brines are highly saline solutions with total dissolved solids in the order 300 g L-1, but Li+ concentrations around 1% only. A drastic increase in the ratio of Li+ to other cations' concentration is a must for an efficient lithium recovery. Here we present results on the use of membrane electrolysis coupled to crystallization as a new methodology to separate a large share of Na+ present in a real brine sample. In a 3 -compartment reactor, cations selectively migrate from the middle compartment through a cation exchange membrane to the cathodic compartment, where water electrolysis produces alkalinisation, and through CO2 spurging sodium bicarbonate precipitation is triggered. By following the real time concentrations in middle and cathodic compartments, we were able to prove the proposed methodology, and recover a solid with a purity of 99.5%. A coulombic efficiency of (95 +/- 5)% was calculated, and the separation coefficients showed a pre-ferential migration in the order K+ > Na+ > Li+. The methodology produces fresh water as a by-product, with total salinity 2 orders of magnitude lower than the feed. 3 different applied current density values were tested. At 10 A m(-2), 331.3 kWh are needed to treat 1 m(3) of brine.
引用
收藏
页数:10
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