Synaptic inhibition and γ-aminobutyric acid in the mammalian central nervous system

被引：67

作者：

Obata, Kunihiko ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Natl Inst Physiol Sci, Okazaki, Aichi 444, Japan

来源：

PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY SERIES B-PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES | 2013年 / 89卷 / 04期

关键词：

neurotransmitter; GABA; gene targeting; brain development; mental disorders; MOUSE CEREBELLUM LACKING; MICE LACKING; CLEFT-PALATE; 67-KDA ISOFORM; GLUTAMATE-DECARBOXYLASE; MONOSYNAPTIC INHIBITION; GABA; NEURONS; CELLS; LOCALIZATION;

D O I：

10.2183/pjab.89.139

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Signal transmission through synapses connecting two neurons is mediated by release of neurotransmitter from the presynaptic axon terminals and activation of its receptor at the postsynaptic neurons. gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), non-protein amino acid formed by decarboxylation of glutamic acid, is a principal neurotransmitter at inhibitory synapses of vertebrate and invertebrate nervous system. On one hand glutamic acid serves as a principal excitatory neurotransmitter. This article reviews GABA researches on; (1) synaptic inhibition by membrane hyperpolarization, (2) exclusive localization in inhibitory neurons, (3) release from inhibitory neurons, (4) excitatory action at developmental stage, (5) phenotype of GABA-deficient mouse produced by gene-targeting, (6) developmental adjustment of neural network and (7) neurological/psychiatric disorder. In the end, GABA functions in simple nervous system and plants, and non-amino acid neurotransmitters were supplemented.

引用

页码：139 / 156

页数：18

共 113 条

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