The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ): A Proxy Measure of Parenting Stress

The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) (Goodman, 1997) is a brief behavioural screening questionnaire for three- to sixteen-year-olds. It is commonly used in clinical practice and research, particularly in the UK, and is completed by parents, carers and teachers. The measure was utilised in a cross-sectional phase of a longitudinal study of children in care, namely the Care Pathways and Outcomes Study, alongside a measure of parenting stress, the Parenting Stress IndexuShort Form (PSI-SF) (Abidin, 1995), with a sub-sample of children (n=72) aged nine to fourteen and their parents and carers. A Pearson Correlation Coefficient indicated a strong positive correlation between these two measures (r=0.71), with normal and abnormal scores on one measure corresponding to normal and abnormal scores on the other. Consequently, it is argued that the SDQ may be considered a proxy measure of parenting stress, with scores in the clinical range being highly predictive of clinical levels of parenting stress. As such, SDQ-informed interventions for adopted children and children in care and others where behavioural problems have been detected should be developed to include a consideration of the needs of parents and carers, specifically in relation to reducing levels of parenting stress.