The DIKW Hierarchy and Management Decision-Making

This paper reports on a mixed-method study in progress. The qualitative part has been completed and the quantitative part is underway. The findings of the qualitative study - the theory of Integral Decision Making (IDM) - are introduced, and the research method to test IDM is discussed. It is expected that the integration of the qualitative and quantitative studies will provide insight into how data, information, and knowledge capacities can lead to more effective management decisions by incorporating more human inputs in the decision- and policy-making process. Implications for theory and practice will be suggested.